Prehabilitation, understood as a targeted physiotherapeutic and educational intervention conducted before total knee arthroplasty (TKA), is becoming increasingly popular as a method of improving postoperative outcomes. The aim of this study is to analyze contemporary research on the effectiveness of prehabilitation in patients preparing for TKA, with particular focus on physical function, pain, and length of hospital stay, as well as to explore ways to enhance the effectiveness of prehabilitation programmes. The review includes one experimental study and one systematic review, covering a total of over 1,600 patients. The results suggest that prehabilitation programmes may shorten the hospital stay and reduce preoperative pain, whereas their effect on long-term function and muscle strength remains less clear. Further research is needed to optimize prehabilitation programmes and definitively determine their efficacy.